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[Accepted]
Published online December 15, 2020.
Usefulness of squatting combined with the blood pressure measurement for orthostatic intolerance in dizziness clinic
Hoseong Seo1, Sooyoung Kim2, Eun Hee Sohn1, Seong-Hae Jeong1
1Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
2Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
Correspondence:  Seong-Hae Jeong, Tel: +82-42-280-8057 , Fax: +82-42-252-8654 , 
Email: mseaj@hanmail.net
Received: 11 October 2020   • Accepted: 15 December 2020
Abstract
Purpose
Orthostatic intolerance (OI) is a common clinical symptom in dizziness clinic. The head-up tilt table test (HUT) is one of the primary clinical examination for evaluating OI. There is no consensus on the optimum method for diagnosis of orthostatic hypotension (OH). Herein, we performed the additional squat combined with blood pressure (BP) monitoring for OI patients with normal HUT.
Methods
The study included 32 consecutive patients with orthostatic intolerance for 3 months since April, 2018 (Period I) and 27 patients with orthostatic intolerance for 3 months since April, 2019 (Period II) in dizziness clinic of Chungnam National University Hospital. During period II, the additional squat combined with BP test was performed for normal HUT results in patients with OI. In squat combined orthostatic BP measurement, the first BP measurement was taken following 3 min of rest at the squat position; afterwards the patients were raised upright and the measurement was monitored for 2 min, using a continuous beat-to-beat BP monitoring.
Results
In this study, there was significant difference in OH diagnosis (p < 0.001); 40.6% (13/32) by conventional HUT (Period I) vs. 92.5 % (25/33) by conventional HUT and additional squat test for normal HUT (Period II). In patients with normal HUT, the positive OH was 86.7% (13/15) by the additional squat combined BP measurement (Period II).
Conclusions
In addition to HUT, squat test combined with BP measurement might be more informative for understanding and diagnosing the OH, particularly in patients with OI and normal HUT in dizziness clinic.
Key Words: orthostatic intolerance, head up tilt table test, active standing
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